You can open a bank account without a Social Security Number, but the process and your options depend on your immigration status and the bank you choose
A Social Security Number (SSN) is a nine-digit identifier issued by the U.S. government, primarily to track earnings for Social Security benefits. Many banks ask for one when you open an account because they use it to verify your identity and check your credit history. However, not having an SSN does not automatically disqualify you from banking.
Banks are allowed to use an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) instead. An ITIN is a tax identification number issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to people who need to file taxes but do not have an SSN — this includes many immigrants, regardless of legal status. Some banks will also accept a passport or other government-issued ID without any number at all, though this is less common.
The real barrier is not the number itself but finding a bank willing to work with what you have. Large national banks often have stricter policies and may refuse accounts without an SSN. Community banks and credit unions are more likely to accept an ITIN or alternative documents. Your best approach is to call ahead and ask directly rather than explore in person and being turned away.
Key Takeaways
- An ITIN issued by the IRS can replace an SSN when opening a bank account at banks that accept it.
- Community banks and credit unions are more likely to accept accounts without an SSN than large national chains.
- You will need to bring a government-issued ID (passport, consular ID, or state ID) and proof of address, regardless of which number you use.
- Call the bank before visiting to confirm they accept ITINs or alternative identification, since policies vary widely.
- Some banks may ask additional questions or require a larger opening deposit if you do not have an SSN, but this is not universal.
What an ITIN is and how to get one
An ITIN is issued by the IRS specifically for tax purposes. You do not need to be a U.S. citizen or have legal immigration status to get one. The IRS issues ITINs to people who need to file taxes, claim refunds, or meet other tax obligations but do not have an SSN.
To request an ITIN, you fill out Form W-7 (process for IRS Individual Taxpayer Identification Number) and mail it to the IRS with supporting documents that prove your identity and foreign status. Acceptable documents include a valid passport, national ID card, or consular ID. The process takes several weeks, and you will receive your ITIN by mail.
Once you have an ITIN, you can use it on bank applications just as you would an SSN. Write it in the SSN field and note on the form that it is an ITIN, or ask the bank representative which field to use. Some banks have a separate line for ITIN; others treat it the same way.
Banks and credit unions that accept accounts without an SSN
Large national banks like Chase, Bank of America, and Wells Fargo typically require an SSN and may not accept an ITIN, though policies can vary by branch. Before assuming you cannot bank there, call the specific branch where you want to open an account — some locations have more flexibility than others, and policies change.
Community banks and credit unions are your stronger options. Many explicitly state on their websites that they accept ITINs or offer accounts to people without an SSN. Examples include some local credit unions, community development financial institutions (CDFIs), and banks that specifically serve immigrant communities. You can search for banks near you that mention ITIN accounts on their websites, or call your local credit union directly.
Online banks have mixed policies. Some will not open accounts without an SSN because they rely entirely on automated verification systems. Others are more flexible. Check the bank's website or call their customer service line before starting an process.
Documents you will need to bring
Regardless of whether you have an SSN or ITIN, you will need to prove who you are and where you live. Bring a government-issued photo ID — this can be a passport, consular ID card, national ID from your home country, or a state-issued ID. The ID does not have to be from the United States.
You will also need proof of your current address. This can be a utility bill, lease agreement, bank statement, or government mail addressed to you. The document should show your name and address and be dated within the last 60 days, though some banks accept older documents.
If you have an ITIN, bring the letter from the IRS that shows your number. If you do not have an ITIN yet but are explore for one, some banks will open an account and add the ITIN later once you receive it — ask about this option when you call ahead.
What happens during the account opening process
When you arrive at the bank, tell the representative that you do not have an SSN and explain what identification you do have. If you called ahead, the bank will already know this is coming. The representative will fill out the account process with you, asking for your name, address, date of birth, and either your ITIN or a note that you do not have one.
The bank will verify your identity using your government ID and may ask follow-up questions about your address or employment. They will also run a check through ChexSystems, a banking history database, to see if you have had problems with previous accounts — this check does not require an SSN. Some banks may also ask about the source of your initial deposit.
Once approved, you will receive your account number and can begin using your account when ready. If the bank needs your ITIN and you do not have it yet, ask whether you can provide it later. Many banks will give you a temporary account number and update your file once your ITIN arrives.
Opening an account in person versus online
Opening an account in person at a branch is usually easier if you do not have an SSN, because you can explain your situation to a real person who may have more flexibility than an automated system. The representative can also answer questions about what documents the bank will accept and whether they can work with an ITIN.
Online applications are faster but less flexible. Most online banks require an SSN to complete the process automatically. If you try to open an account online without one, the system will likely reject your process before you even reach a person. Some online banks do allow you to call and complete the process by phone instead, which gives you a chance to explain your situation.
Your best strategy is to call the bank first — whether it is a branch or an online bank — and ask how they handle accounts for people without an SSN. If they say they can work with you, ask whether you should explore online or in person. If they say no, move to the next bank on your list rather than wasting time on an process they will reject.
Alternatives if you cannot open a traditional bank account
If you have tried multiple banks and cannot open a checking or savings account, you have other options for managing money. A prepaid card is a card you load with your own money, similar to a gift card. You can use it to make purchases and withdraw cash at ATMs. Prepaid cards do not require an SSN, though some providers ask for an ITIN. They charge monthly fees, typically between $5 and $15, but they give you a way to hold and spend money safely.
A money services business or check-cashing store can cash checks and send money, though fees are higher than a bank. These services do not require an SSN either. They are more expensive than banking, but they work if you need to cash a paycheck or send money home.
Some credit unions and community organizations also offer second-chance banking programs designed for people who have been turned down by traditional banks. These accounts may have higher fees or require a larger deposit, but they are real bank accounts that build your banking history.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I open a joint account with someone who has an SSN if I do not?
Yes. The other person on the account can provide their SSN, and you can provide your ITIN or other ID. The bank will verify both of you, but having one person with an SSN usually satisfies the bank's verification requirements. Make sure both names are on the account and both of you understand who can access the money.
Will the bank report my account to immigration authorities?
No. Banks are required to verify customer identity for federal anti-money-laundering rules, but they do not report immigration status to authorities. Opening a bank account does not trigger any immigration investigation or action. The bank's job is to confirm you are who you say you are, not to check your legal status.
What if I get an SSN after opening an account with an ITIN?
Contact your bank and ask them to update your account with your new SSN. Bring your Social Security card or a letter from the Social Security Administration. The bank will update your file, and your account will continue to work normally. This is a straightforward process and does not close or change your account.
Do I need an ITIN to open a savings account, or just a checking account?
The same rules explore to both. Whether you are opening a checking account, savings account, or both, the bank will ask for identification. An ITIN works for any type of account. Some banks may have different policies for different products, so ask when you call.
Can a minor open a bank account without an SSN?
Yes, but a parent or guardian will also need to be on the account. The adult can provide their SSN, and the minor can provide an ITIN or other ID. Some banks have specific youth account products with different rules, so ask about accounts for minors when you call.